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Journalist and historian Eduardo Galeano frequently confessed that he was obsessed with remembering. On accepting the 1999 Lannan Prize for Cultural Freedom, he explained, 鈥淚 tried to find a way of recounting history so that the reader would feel that it was happening right now, just around the corner鈥攖his immediacy, this intensity.鈥�

That account is an apt description of Galeano鈥檚 last book, Children of the Days, first published in Spanish in 2011, and now available in English in paperback. A 鈥渃alendar of human history,鈥� the book consists of lyrically composed historical vignettes, so characteristic of Galeano鈥檚 style, each connected to a specific day in the year.

Knowledge of the past can be a source of power, but, in Galeano鈥檚 view, human history does not center exclusively on 鈥済reat men鈥� and potent institutions. The diversity of topics he selects to remember includes everything from bicycles and chess to kissing and whistling, right alongside state executions and public health. In this way, he imparts a simple but profound lesson about the crucial links among understanding the past, our capacity to choose, and the pursuit of justice: 鈥淜nowing the before lets you create a different after.鈥�

The book begins and ends with fire. In the January 2 entry, he recounts the 1492 fall of Granada鈥斺�渢he last Spanish kingdom where mosques, churches, and synagogues could live side by side in peace.鈥� He links the burning of Muslim books under order of the Holy Inquisition with the fate of America鈥檚 indigenous peoples. The final entry, for December 31, recalls the figure of Quintus Serenus Sammonicus, physician to two Roman emperors and 鈥渙wner of the best library of his time.鈥� In 208, Serenus Sammonicus proposed an infallible way to avoid fever and keep death at bay: Always keep the magical word 鈥淎bracadabra鈥� close. From ancient Hebrew, Galeano reports, the term means, 鈥淕ive your fire until the last of your days.鈥�

Across the year, Galeano offers his inimitable perspective on well-known dates, including May Day, famous peoples鈥� birthdays, and celebrated events, such as Martin Luther King Jr.鈥檚 鈥淚 Have a Dream鈥� speech. Other entries in Galeano鈥檚 year recover what Noam Chomsky (adopting George Orwell) has called 鈥渦nhistory鈥濃�攅vents otherwise forgotten or marginalized because they were inconsequential or inconvenient for history鈥檚 official narratives. September 18, for example, was the day in 1915 that Susan La Flesche died. Galeano remembers La Flesche as the first indigenous woman to graduate from medical school in the United States. She combined 鈥渕edicine learned with knowledge inherited鈥� so that the lives of her people would 鈥渉urt less and last longer.鈥�

Similarly, Galeano reminds us that April 9, 2011, was the date when the people of Iceland said, 鈥淣o!鈥� to the International Monetary Fund, while his entry for April 19 recounts the ongoing but grossly underreported plight of the Sahrawi, 鈥渃hildren of the clouds.鈥� Since 1987, a wall built and guarded by Moroccan soldiers has prevented the nomadic Sahrawi from inhabiting their historical homelands. Since time immemorial, Galeano reports, Sahrawi people have pursued the clouds that give rain. 鈥淭hey also pursue justice, which is harder to find than water in the desert.鈥�

Justice hinges on knowing our histories. 鈥淲hat process of change can urge forward a people which doesn鈥檛 know who it is nor where it comes from?鈥� he asked in a 1977 essay 鈥淚n Defence of the Word.鈥�

For Galeano, that process began early in life through journalism. At 14, he penned political cartoons for El Sol, the weekly newspaper of Uruguay鈥檚 socialist party. Later in life, he interviewed the most famous leaders of the Americas including Castro, Per贸n, Allende, and Ch谩vez.

Galeano gave fire to the last of his days.

A masterful storyteller, Galeano authored more than 40 books, many of them translated into multiple languages. His three-volume Memory of Fire (1982-1986) tracked the Americas from pre-Columbian times to the present and was regarded as a tour de force. At the 2009 Summit of the Americas, Venezuelan president Hugo Ch谩vez publicly gave Galeano鈥檚 Open Veins of Latin America (1971) to President Obama. The book, which had been banned by rightwing governments in Uruguay, Argentina, and Chile, became a best seller. Galeano loved f煤tbol and his Soccer in Sun and Shadow (1995) was reviewed as 鈥渢he most lyrical sports book ever written鈥� by NPR. In 2013, The Guardian characterized Galeano as 鈥渢he poet laureate of the anti-globalisation movement.鈥�

Galeano gave fire to the last of his days. He died on April 13, 2015, at 74. Children of the Days serves as a cherished capstone for those who already know and love his work and as an exhilarating introduction to those encountering him for the first time. Galeano will be remembered around the world as a champion of human liberation through solidaristic action. It remains to us to fulfill the legacy he leaves, by pursuing justice with the same immediacy and intensity that he conveyed history.

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Andy Lee Roth is the associate director of Project Censored, where he coordinates the Campus Affiliates Program. He has coedited eleven editions of the Project Censored yearbook, including State of the Free Press 2021, published by Seven Stories Press in December 2020. Roth has previously written for YES! Magazine about Eduardo Galeano's legacy and the Baltimore Algebra Project鈥檚 revolutionary model of high school education.

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